Explore Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
Story and Graphic by Kate Davis
Cumberland Gap, TN is a small town located where Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia meet. As such, the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park spans over these three states. Most known for its historical significance, the location features a visitor’s center, museum, and many local attractions.
History
First discovered by Dr. Thomas Walker and Daniel Boone while forging the Wilderness Road, Cumberland Gap made for a passage to the west. It is estimated that over 200,000 people traversed through the gap, and millions of people today can trace their ancestry back to those settlers. Although there was much debate over naming the Gap, it was ultimately decided its namesake would be The Duke of Cumberland, who conquered the land from its native Highlanders.
Although no battles were fought there, the town acted as a strategically important location during the Civil War and was occupied by both Confederate and Union soldiers. In 1803, Cumberland Gap became a well-known postal town and the only North American post office to operate in three states. It is particularly notable in that it is now the oldest post office west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Currently
As of now, the town and surrounding area are encapsulated in the state park. The town itself acts as a starting point for many of the hiking trails that dart the landscape. Some of these trails lead to spots of historical interest such as the Iron Furnace, Gap Cave, Hensley Settlement, and the Pinnacle.
The Iron Furnace
Built on the stream below Gap Cave, the Iron Furnace acted as a producer of iron. Some of the product was sold locally to blacksmiths, and some of it was shipped as ingots down the Powell River to Chattanooga, TN.Gap Cave
Featuring incredible dripstone formations and five different levels to explore, Gap Cave is a natural landmark that is free to the public. Although there is no entrance fee, visitors have the option of guided tours for a small fee.The Pinnacle Overlook
Located at the peak above Cumberland Gap, The Pinnacle provides spectacular views of Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia. Visitors can choose to drive or hike .2 miles to the overlook.Hensley Settlement
A once thriving community in the mountains, Hensley Settlement is what remains of a local historical town. Within the settlement, visitors can explore a single room school, 12 log cabins, and a blacksmith shop.